Stavangersk
Stavangersk | |
---|---|
Pronunciation | local: [sta.ˈvǎŋ.əʁsk] |
Region | Stavanger |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | – |
Glottolog | None |
Stavangersk, Stavanger dialect or Stavanger Norwegian (Norwegian: Stavangersk, Stavanger-dialekt (Bokmål) or Stavangerdialekt (Nynorsk)) is a dialect of Norwegian used in Stavanger.
The pronunciation and origin resemble that of the written Nynorsk, yet the official written language of the Stavanger municipality is Bokmål.
Phonology
Consonants
- /n, t, d, l/ are alveolar [n, t, d, l].
- As in Bergen and Oslo, younger speakers of the Stavanger dialect tend to merge /ç/ with /ʃ/.
- /r/ is realized as a voiced uvular continuant, either a fricative [ʁ] or an approximant [ʁ̞]. It can be voiceless [χ] before a voiceless consonant or a pause. This means that the dialect does not possess retroflex consonants.
Vowels
- The long close central /ʉː/ and close back /uː/ vowels can be realized as closing diphthongs [əʉ] and [əu].
- The short counterpart of /ʉː/ is close-mid [ɵ].
- The short close back vowel is more front than in Oslo, near-back [ʊ] rather than back [ʊ̠].
- The mid-back vowels are somewhat advanced from the fully back position, i.e. near-back, rather than back. The long /oː/ is close-mid [o̟ː], whereas the short /ɔ/ is open-mid [ɔ̟].
- The long open back vowel is phonetically back [ɑː], but its short counterpart is front [a], identical to the cardinal [a]. It is the most anterior realization of this vowel in Norway.
- The non-native diphthong ⟨ai⟩ has a front starting point [æi].
Starting point | Ending point | ||
---|---|---|---|
Front | Central | ||
unrounded | rounded | rounded | |
Mid | ei | øy | øʉ |
Tonemes
Phonetic realization
Phonetically, the tonemes of the Stavanger dialect are the same as those of Central Standard Swedish; accent 1 is rising-falling, whereas accent 2 is double falling.