The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Franco-Provençal (also known as Arpitan) pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
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Consonants
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| IPA |
Examples |
English approximation
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b
|
bâs
|
bow
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ç
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hue
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d
|
dinar
|
doe
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ð
|
|
then
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f
|
fèna
|
foe
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ɡ
|
gran
|
go
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ɡʲ
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dz
|
ghoral
|
goods
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dʒ
|
jazz
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ɟ
|
ague
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ʒ
|
measure
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h
|
|
happy
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k
|
kilô
|
sky
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kʲ
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c
|
chalor
|
skew
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ʃ
|
show
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ts
|
hats
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tʃ
|
change
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l
|
lârro
|
low
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ʎ
|
lyata
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roughly like million
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m
|
mira
|
mow
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n
|
nâs
|
no
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ɲ
|
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roughly like canyon
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ŋ
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parking
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p
|
pâre
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spy
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r
|
r
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curâ
|
atom (GA)
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ʁ
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roughly like loch (Scotland)
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s
|
sôré
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so
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t
|
tanta
|
stow
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θ
|
|
thin
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v
|
savuc
|
vote
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z
|
zérô
|
zoo
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|
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Semivowels
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| IPA |
Examples |
English approximation
|
|
j
|
vreyer
|
yet
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w
|
|
wet
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ɥ
|
|
simultaneous yet and wet
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|
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| Other symbols
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| IPA |
Examples |
Explanation
|
|
ˈ
|
|
primary stress (placed before the stressed syllable)
|
|
.
|
|
syllable break (placed between the syllables)
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/h/ varies in realization: [h], [x] and [ç] (the latter also a realization of other phonemes) all occur.
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There appears to be considerable variation among [dz], [dʒ], [ʒ], and [ɟ], as well as among [ts], [tʃ], [ʃ], and [c], as a result of the palatalization of /ɡ/ (or /d/) and /k/ (or /t/), respectively. Other possible realizations, which also occur separately, are [ð], [v], [z] for the voiced phoneme and [θ], [f], [s], [h] for the voiceless one.
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The most common pronunciations include [ʁ], [ʀ] and [χ], albeit in many regions as well as in Switzerland and Italy the older [r] is still very common.
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Also realized as [æ̃].
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Also realized as [ɒ̃].
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Stress always falls on one of the final two syllables.
See also
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Category:Pages with Franco-Provençal IPA (166)